Lining for containers and machine for and method of forming the same



June 21, 1938. F. T. ROBINSON 231215053 DINING FOR CONTAINERS ANDMACHINE FOR AND METHOD Of` FORMIN'G THE SAME Original Filed Jan. 30,1932 '6 Sheets-Sheet 2 BYL `ATTORNEY5 Y ...Mini 4| y June 21, 1938. F.T. RwoBlNsxDNV 2,121,053

LINING FOR CONTAINERS AND MAciINE Fon vAND METHOD 0F' FORMING THE SAME lOriginal Filed Jan. 30, 1932 4 6 Sheets-Sheet I5 4 4 Je /z BY ATTORNEY SJun 21, I:1938. F. T. ROBINSON jLlNING FOR CONTAINERS AND MACH-INE FORAND METHOL` OF FORMING THE SAME original Filed Jan. 30 1932 6sheets-sheet 4 INVENToR f .n A

M. s m m f m fr MVM@ June 21, 1938. F. T. ROBINSON 2,121,053

LINING FOR CONTAINERS AND MACHINE FOR AND NETHOE OF FORMING THE SA-MEOriginal Filed Jan. 50, 1932 6v Sheets-Sheet 5 l NVENTOR FkAvc/s 7."fos/Miam I BY/ATTcsRNEYS F. T. ROBINSON 2,121,053

LINING FOR CONTAINERS AND MACHINE FOR AND METHOD OF FORMING THE SAMEJune 2l, 1938.

Oiginal Filed Jan. 50, 1932 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR Patented June 21,1938 UNITED STAT ESv PATENT OFFICE LINING FOR CONTADWERS AND MACHINE FORAND METHOD F FORMING THE SAME Application January 30, 1932, Serial No.589,831 Renewed September 16, 1937 8 Claims.

In the manufacture of crinkled paper linings for bags, barrels and'othercontainers, it has been customary to close the edges of the lining blankby means of sewed seams. Considerable difficulty,

however, has been experienced with such linings owing to the weakness ofthe seams, thel crinklcd paper easilyI tearing along the line ofstitching. Also, where the contents of the bag is of finely dividedmaterial, it is likely to sift through the lo needle holes, and in caseswhere the crinkled paper is waterproofed to protect the contents fromdampness, it is necessary to subject the sewed seams to a coating ofparailln in order to fill up the needle holes. Owing to the nature ofOne of the objects of the present invention is to provide a method ofand machine for closing the edges of' a lining blank of crinkled paperby means of a pasted or glued seam in such a manner as to overcome thedisadvantages above described of the sewed seam,'while retaining all ofthe advantages.

Another of the objects of the invention is to provide a method of thecharacter indicated which may be carried out inexpensively andexpeditiously.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved baglining or similar article of crinkled paper.

The several features of the invention, whereby the above-mentioned andother objects may be attained, will be readily understood from thefollowing description and accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. l is a side view of a portion of the machine in its preferred form;

Fig. 2 is a plan view oi the same; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectionalview, partly 40 diagrammatical, of a portion of the machine.

Flgf4 is a sectional plan view taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a crinkled paper lining blank showing thedifferent steps in the formation of the same;

Fig. 6 is a detail sectional view, on an enlarged scale, taken on theline 6-6 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 7 is a detail sectional view, partly in elevation. taken on theline 1--1 of Fig. 1;

Figs. 8 and 9 are detail sectional views taken respectively on the lines8-0 and 9 9 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 10 is a sectional plan view, partly diagrammatical, of a slightlymodiiied form of the machine;

crlnkledpaper, it was not thought practicable Fig. 11 is a longitudinalsectional view of the same, similar to Fig. 3;

Fig. l2 is a View in perspective of a crinkled paper lining having itsseams formed in accordance with my improved method, the seams beingshown greatly enlarged for the sake of clearness;

Fig. 13 is another form of the lining;

Fig. 14 is a detail sectional perspective View, taken on the line M-H ofFig. 12, more clearly illustrating the form of seam used;

Figs. 15 and 16 are similar views taken on the lines I5-I5 and I6l5 ofFig, 13;

Fig. 17 is a view corresponding to Fig. 5, but showing a slightlydifferent form of seam; and

Figs. 18, 19 and 20 are detail sectional views', partly diagrammatical,respectively taken substantially on the lines iii-I8, IS-IS and 2li- 2liof Fig. 17

The machine illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawingsis particularlyadapted for forming the seams 2 of the crinkled paperbag liningillustrated in Figs. 12 and 14. As shown, this lining is made of asingle strip of crinkled paper, having the crinkles extending generallytransversely thereof, which is folded over uponitself and itslongitudinal edges closed by my improved seam.

As shown, the machine is provided with a series of upper and lower feedbelts l which pass over pulleys or rolls 6 that are secured on shafts 8,the stretches of the two series of belts being arranged horizontally oneabove the other. The lower shafts B have their ends suitably journaledin bearings in the frame Aof the machine. The shafts B of the upperpulleys or rolls 6 have their ends journaled in bearing blocks I0 whichare mounted to slide vertically in suitable guide- Ways in the machineframe so as to cause the upper belts by gravity to be pressed downwardlytowards the lower belts. To still further press the two series of beltstoward each other, the bearing blocks I0 at one side of the machine arepressed downwardly by means of coiled springs I2 interposed between theupper ends of the blocks and adjusting screws or bolts Il. 'I'hegudeways for the bearing blocks4 Il) at said side of the machine areformed in posts i6 which are connected at their upper ends by means of abar I8. The guide-ways for the bearing blocks I0 for the'inner ends ofthe upper shafts 8, are formed in a frame member 2li ywhich is securedto the upper side of the inner ends of transverse, supporting bars 22that have their forward ends secured to the upper ends of the posts I6.The upper and lower shafts 8 at the rear of the machine are driven froma suitable source of power through a sprocketk chain 24 whichoperatively engages a sprocket wheel 26 secured on the outer end of thelower shaft 8. This shaft 8 carries a gear 28 which engages a gear 38on:

the outer end of the upper shaft 8 so as `to cause the two shafts to bedriven together in opposite directions and thus drive feed belts 4, theadjacent stretches of the upper and lower series of feed belts beingdriven in the same direction. A pressure roll 32 bears on the lowerstretches of the upper belts intermediate their ends, this roll havingits ends mounted to turn in slots 34 in the machine frame. A roll 36 ispositioned directly below the roll- 32 and is arranged to engage theupper stretches of the lower belts 4, the ends of this roll 36 beingjournaled in fixed bearings in the machine frame.

The forward one of the upper shafts 8 carries at its outer end portion,scoring disks 38 having beveled edges which are received incorrespondingly beveled grooves in a roll 48 carried by thecorresponding lower shaft 8.`

As the material is fed through the machine a line of glue is appliedthereto by means of a disk wheel 42 which is mounted to turn on a shaft44 on the end of `a bracket arm 46 that is pivoted at 48 on the-beam I8of the machine frame. The' arm 46 is held in position to properlyposition the glue Wheel 42, by means of an adjusting screw 58 which hasits ends screw-threaded into a lug- 52 on the bracket arm 46. Glue isapplied to the glue wheel 42 from a glue pan 54 through similar diskwheels 56 and 58 which are secured on shafts 68 suitably journaled inbearings on the machine frame, the lower portion of the wheel 58extending into the liquid glue in the glue pan.

A scraper blade 62, which is bifurcated, straddles the glue wheel 58.This scraper blade scrapes the glue taken up by the wheel from the sidesthereof, and the distance the wall 64 of this bifurcated portion isspaced from the periphery of the 'wheel determines the thickness of theglue taken up by the Wheel. To vary the amount of glue thus taken up bythe periphery of the wheel, the blade 62 is adjustable by adjusting ascrew 66 which is screw-threaded into the rear end of the blade. I

The glue from this wheel 64 is deposited on the periphery of the wheel56 and from there it is deposited on the periphery of the wheel 42,which in turn delivers the glue to the Work. Relatively heavy or thickglue is employed, and the wheel 42 deposits a thick or gob-like line ofglue on the work. To vary the thickness of the line of glue, this may bedone by adjustment of the glue wheel 42 toward fand from the work bymeans of the adjusting screw 58 as above described, and by adjustment ofthe glue wheel 56 toward and from the periphery of the wheel 42 and thewheel 58 toward and from the periphery of the wheel 56, the bearings forthe wheels 56 and 68 being adjustable fore and aft of the machine asshown, and the amount of glue being supplied to the periphery of thewheel 58 being adapted to be varied by adjustment of the scraper blade62 as above described. The three` giue wheels 42, 56 and 58 are drivenfrom the upper one of the rear shafts 8 through a sprocketchain 68 whichpasses over sprocket wheels on said shaft 8 and a short shaft 18, and asprocket chain 'l2 which passes over a sprocket wheel on the shaft 18and sprocket wheels on the shafts of said glue wheels, an idler sprocketwheel 14 being interposed between the sprocket wheels andshafts of' theglue rolls 42 and 56.

The machine is further provided with a suitable folding device 16 at therear of the scoring disks 38, and with a suitable folding device 18between the rolls 32-36 and the rear belt rolls or Ipulleys 6. The outerend portions of the rear rolls 6 are provided with registering annulargrooves 88.

In forming the seams 2 of the bag` lining shown in Figs. 5, 12 and 14,the folded blank is fed over an inclined table 82 with said edge againsta guiding ange 84on the table. The end of the blank is thus presentedbetween the upper and lower feed belts 4, the marginal'portion of theblank passing between the scoring rolls 38 and 48. The feed belts 4serve to feed the blank through the machine. As the blank passes betweenthe scoring rolls 38 and 48, these rolls form two lines 86 of scoring(Fig. 5) which are spaced apart and spaced from the longitudinal edge ofthe blank as shown. The advancing end of the blank after leaving thescoring rolls-enters the folding device 16 and as it passestherethrough, the two walls or sheets of the blank. are folded 'on theouter one of the lines of scoring 86 so as to formlthe fold 81. As` thisfold is being made in the blank, the.

blank passes beneath the glue roll 42 which deposits a gob-like line ofglue88 on the blank, the line of glue being spaced a distance inwardlyfrom the inner line of scoring 86.

The blank after leaving this folding device 16 passes between thepressure rolls 82-86 and the outer end portions of these rolls firmlypress down and atten the fold 81. After traveling beneath these pressurerolls and leaving the glue roll 42, the blank passes through the foldingdevice 18 which is suitably formed so as to make a second fold 88 in theblank on the inner line of scoring 86. This last folding operation,positions the double folded marginal portion over the line of glue 88,the line of glue being more or less centrally positioned vbetween thelongitudinal edges of the folded portion.

As the bla'nk passes between the rear belt rolls 6, the outer endportion thereof applies a rolling pressure on the seam at opposite sidesof the line of glue 88 so as to tightly and rmly press the double foldat its edges and into contact with the gob of glue. Theregisteringannular grooves 88 in the rolls 6, insures pressure being' applied atthe edge portions of the folds without the application of pressure overthe line of glue.

After thus forming the seam at one of the longitudinal edges cf the bagblank as above described, the blank may be turned over or around andagain run through the machine so as to form a similar seam at the otherlongitudinal edge of the blank. If desired. both of the longitudinaledges of the bag bl'ank may be simultaneously closed by merelyduplicating the parts of the machine, or employing two machines arrangedin vproper alinement to act simultaneously on the two edges.

When the bag blank hasA thus vbeen runV through the machine and-seamsformed at both of its longitudinal edges, 'theblank Vwhile theglue isstill in a more or less tacky condition may be stacked in a baling pressand baled for shipment.

The baling press tends to flatten out the seams,

. but before application of this pressure, the glue seam so that theseam is ci adequate strength for the purposes intended. IBy applying athick gob-like line of glue between the folds which are to be gluedtogether, and by applying pressure at opposite sides of the line ofglue, immediately after the folds are brought together, without applyingpressure over the line of glue, the glue is effectively retained withinthe folds and during the pressing operation will not be squeezed outbetween the folds but will beretained between the folds so as to beproperly utilized for secur,

The glue fills up the crinkles in ing purposes. the paper and owing tothe increased surface provided by the crinkles, it firmly secures the`folds together, and a'n exceptionally strong seam ginal portions of thetwo sheets are spread apart` by means of a suitably formed spreading andfolding device 92. This device then folds back the marginal portion ofthe uppermost sheet, and the marginal portion of the other. sheet isbrought down in the plane of the remaining portion of said sheet. As theblank leaves the spreading and folding device 92, one of two blue rollsor wheels 04 applies a line of glue 06 to the top side of the foldedmarginal portion of the upper sheet, and the other wheel 94 applies aline of glue to the body of the upper sheet on a line spaced a distanceinwardly from the inner edge of said marginal portion of the uppersheet. The projecting marginal portion of the lower sheet is then foldedover on the outer line of scoring so as to lie over the outer line ofglue 06, by means of a suitable folding device 90. After the blankleaves this folding device 00, it passes through a second folding device|00 which folds the marginal portion of the two blanks on the secondline of scoring over upon the inner line of glue. The double folds thusmade are then pressed together by the grooved portions I0 of the rearrollers B- of the machine to complete the fold. By thus forming the foldit may be noted that owing to the two lines of adhesive the seam isof,exceptional strength.

In some cases it may be desirable to have the :inner line of glue 8lsecure the folds together less securely than the other line of glue 00so that in filling the lining the line of glue 91 may give and thusallow for undue strain applied to the lining, the seam then beingsecurely held by the line of glue 96.

In some instances, also, the second line of glue 91 may be entirelyomitted as shown in Fig. i5, in which case the line of glue 96 alone maybe employed, the folds being made in the same way asshown in Fig. 16. Inthis case, the second fold formed ln thellning is free to open up toprovideslack in filling the lining, and thus allow the lining to conformto the wall of the bag or other container in which the lining is used.

The seam shown in Fig. 15 is particularly adapted for the longitudinaledges of the blank,v

walls or sheets of the bag blank are fed through the machine insuperposed relation but with the longitudinal 'edge of the upper sheetspaced a distance inwardly from the longitudinal edge of the other wall.The blank as it is fed through the machine may be scored on lines |02and |03, the lin'e |02 being made in the lower sheet adjacent the outeredge of the upper'sheet and the line |03 being spaced a distanceinwardly from the longitudinal edge of the upper sheet. As the blank isfed through the machine, a line of glue IUI is applied to the upperblank parallel midway between its longitudinal edge and the line ofscoring |03. The projecting marginal portion of the lower blank is thenfolded over on the line |02 so as to position it over the adhesive |04.If desired a second fold |00 may be made in me mank on the une los.

As the blank is passed between the groovedv portions of the rollers E,as shown in Fig. 20, the seam is completed. .This seam has been found tobe of great strength and there is a substantial saving of material.

It has been found that in closing the seams, if pressure were applied tothe folds over the freshly applied lines of glue, the glue would squeezeout between the crinkles and would not securely hold. By applying thepressure, however, by means of rollers having the'grooves 00, thepressure is concentrated at opposite sides of the line of glue so thatnone of the glue is squeezed out betweenthe folds. The gob-like line ofglue fills up the roughened surface provided by the crinkles and whendried firmly secures the surfaces together.

As will be evidentA to those skilled in the art, my invention permitsvarious modifications without departing from the spirit thereof or thescope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

l. The method of forming a seam for closing one of the edges of a bag ofcrinkled paper of the class described which comprises feeding the bagblank longitudinally with relation to said edge. scoring the blank onspaced lines parallel to and spaced from said edge, applying adhesive toone side of said blank on a line parallel with said edge and spaced adistance inwardly from the Ainner line of scoring, folding said blank onthe outer line of scoring and then on the inner line so as to form adouble fold extending over said line of adhesive, and pressing s'aiddouble fold upon said line ci' adhesive by pressure applied at oppositesides of said line of adhesive, said line of adhesive being of gob-likeform.

2. The method of forming a seam for'closing one of the edges of a bag ofcrinkled paper of the class described, which comprises folding said edgeover upon itself on a line parallel therewith, applying adhesive to theside of the bag blank on which the fold is made on a line parallel tosaid edge and spaced inwardly from said fold, again folding said edge tomake a double fold extending over said line of adhesive, and pressingsaid double fold upon said line of adhesive by pressure applied atopposite sides of said line or adhesive, said line of adhesive being ofgob-like form.

3. The method of forming a seam for closing one of the edges of a bag ofcrinkled paper of the class described, which comprises feeding the bagblank longitudinally with relation to said edge, folding back themarginal portion of one wall of the bag blank, applying two lines of adhesive, one to said marginal portion and the other spaced a distanceinwardly from the edge of said marginal portion, folding the outermarginal portion over upon the folded back marginal portion and the lineof adhesive thereon, and then folding the two marginal portions over onto the other line of adhesive, said lines of adhesive when the blank isthus folded being arranged one over the other, and thereafter applyingpressure to said folded over portions on lines parallel with and atopposite sides of said lines of adhesive.

4. A bag lining made of crinkled paper with the crinkles extendinggenerally transversely thereof, vand with at least one of thelongitudinal edges of its walls closed by a seam comprisingmarginalportions of the two walls secured together by a line of adhesiveparallel with the longitudinal edges, and with said marginal portionsfolded over to provide slack in opening up the bag lining.

b. In a machine for securing the edges of two sheet portions of crinkledpaper together, the combination of means for feeding the sheets insuperposed relation longitudinally with relation to said edges, meansfor scoring the sheets on spaced lines parallel to and spaced from saidedges, means for applying a gob-like line of adhesive to the outer sideof one 'if the sheets on a line parallel with its edge and spaced adistance inwardly from the inner line of scoring, means for folding bothsheets on the outer line of scoring and then on the inner line so as toform a double fold extending over said line of adhesive, and means forpressing said double fold upon said line of adhesive by pressure appliedat opposite sides of said line of adhesive.

6. In a machine for securing the edges of two sheet portions of crinkledpaper together, the

combination of means for folding corresponding marginal portions of saidsheets on a line parallel with said edges, means for applying a gob-likeline of adhesive to the outer side of the sheet on which the foldyoccurs on a line parallel to its edge and spaced inwardly from saidfold, means for again folding said marginal portions to make a doublefold extending' over said line of adhesive, and means for pressing saiddouble fold upon said line of adhesive by pressure applied at oppositesides of said line of adhesive.

7. The method of securing the marginal portions of two sheet portions ofcrinkled paper together which comprises applying a gob-like line ofadhesive to the marginal portion of one of the sheets on a line parallelwith its edges, arranging the marginal portions of the two sheetstogether in superposed relation with the line of adhesive between them,vapplying pressure to said marginal portions at opposite sides of saidline of adhesive so as to cause the adhesive to be squeezed into thespaces between the portions of the crinkles that extend betweenthe linesof pressure while preventing it from spreading beyond said lines, andafter the adhesive has become partially dried so that it is in anon-flowing but` soft and tacky condition. applying pressure to the'seam over said line of adhesive.

CERTIFICATE or coRREcTIoN.

Patent No. 2,121,055;

FRANCIS T.

. June 2l,-l1958.

ROBINSON. t

Itis hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification ofthe above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page l secondcolumn, li'ne 5l, for the word "upper" read under; and that the'saidLetters .Patent should be read with this. correction thereinthat thesamemay conform to the record of' the case in the Patent Office; signedand sealed this 26th day of July, A.D. 1958.

Henry Van lirsdale, n Acting Commissioner of Patents.

spaced a distance inwardly from the edge of said marginal portion,folding the outer marginal portion over upon the folded back marginalportion and the line of adhesive thereon, and then folding the twomarginal portions over on to the other line of adhesive, said lines ofadhesive when the blank is thus folded being arranged one over theother, and thereafter applying pressure to said folded over portions onlines parallel with and at opposite sides of said lines of adhesive.

4. A bag lining made of crinkled paper with the crinkles extendinggenerally transversely thereof, vand with at least one of thelongitudinal edges of its walls closed by a seam comprisingmarginalportions of the two walls secured together by a line of adhesiveparallel with the longitudinal edges, and with said marginal portionsfolded over to provide slack in opening up the bag lining.

b. In a machine for securing the edges of two sheet portions of crinkledpaper together, the combination of means for feeding the sheets insuperposed relation longitudinally with relation to said edges, meansfor scoring the sheets on spaced lines parallel to and spaced from saidedges, means for applying a gob-like line of adhesive to the outer sideof one 'if the sheets on a line parallel with its edge and spaced adistance inwardly from the inner line of scoring, means for folding bothsheets on the outer line of scoring and then on the inner line so as toform a double fold extending over said line of adhesive, and means forpressing said double fold upon said line of adhesive by pressure appliedat opposite sides of said line of adhesive.

6. In a machine for securing the edges of two sheet portions of crinkledpaper together, the

combination of means for folding corresponding marginal portions of saidsheets on a line parallel with said edges, means for applying a gob-likeline of adhesive to the outer side of the sheet on which the foldyoccurs on a line parallel to its edge and spaced inwardly from saidfold, means for again folding said marginal portions to make a doublefold extending' over said line of adhesive, and means for pressing saiddouble fold upon said line of adhesive by pressure applied at oppositesides of said line of adhesive.

7. The method of securing the marginal portions of two sheet portions ofcrinkled paper together which comprises applying a gob-like line ofadhesive to the marginal portion of one of the sheets on a line parallelwith its edges, arranging the marginal portions of the two sheetstogether in superposed relation with the line of adhesive between them,vapplying pressure to said marginal portions at opposite sides of saidline of adhesive so as to cause the adhesive to be squeezed into thespaces between the portions of the crinkles that extend betweenthe linesof pressure while preventing it from spreading beyond said lines, andafter the adhesive has become partially dried so that it is in anon-flowing but` soft and tacky condition. applying pressure to the'seam over said line of adhesive.

CERTIFICATE or coRREcTIoN.

Patent No. 2,121,055;

FRANCIS T.

. June 2l,-l1958.

ROBINSON. t

Itis hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification ofthe above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page l secondcolumn, li'ne 5l, for the word "upper" read under; and that the'saidLetters .Patent should be read with this. correction thereinthat thesamemay conform to the record of' the case in the Patent Office; signedand sealed this 26th day of July, A.D. 1958.

Henry Van lirsdale, n Acting Commissioner of Patents.

